![]() ![]() (French lands east of the Mississippi had been ceded to Great Britain and the lands west of the Mississippi to Spain Catholic France and Spain were 18th-century allies. In 1764, after France lost the Seven Years' War, Pierre Laclède and his stepson Auguste Chouteau founded what was to become the city of St. Migrants from the French villages on the east side of the Mississippi River, such as Kaskaskia, founded Ste. The earliest European settlements in the area were French and built in the Illinois Country (also known as Upper Louisiana) on the east side of the Mississippi River during the 1690s and early 1700s at Cahokia, Kaskaskia, and Fort de Chartres. Maxent, Chouteau and Pierre Laclède founded St. Five years later, La Salle claimed the region for France as part of La Louisiane, also known as Louisiana. Historic Native American tribes in the area encountered by early Europeans included the Siouan-speaking Osage people, whose territory extended west, and the Illiniwek.Įuropean exploration of the area was first recorded in 1673, when French explorers Louis Jolliet and Jacques Marquette traveled through the Mississippi River valley. These mounds were mostly demolished during the city's development. Louis boundaries, the city was nicknamed as the "Mound City". Due to numerous major earthworks within St. Their major regional center was at Cahokia Mounds, active from 900 to 1500. Louis was a center of the Native American Mississippian culture, which built numerous temple and residential earthwork mounds on both sides of the Mississippi River. Louis Art Museum, and Bellefontaine Cemetery and Arboretum. Louis Zoo, the Missouri Botanical Garden, the St. Among the city's notable attractions are the 630-foot (192 m) Gateway Arch in Downtown St. Louis City SC of Major League Soccer, and the St. Louis Blues of the National Hockey League, St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball, the St. Louis has four professional sports teams: the St. The Washington University Medical Center in the Central West End neighborhood hosts an agglomeration of medical and pharmaceutical institutions, including Barnes-Jewish Hospital. Louis, Saint Louis University and University of Missouri–St. Major research universities include Washington University in St. Department of Agriculture offices, and National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, which is developing a new headquarters here. Federal agencies include the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Major companies headquartered or with significant operations in the city include Ameren Corporation, Peabody Energy, Nestlé Purina PetCare, Anheuser-Busch, Wells Fargo Advisors, Stifel Financial, Spire, Inc., MilliporeSigma, FleishmanHillard, Square, Inc., Anthem BlueCross and Blue Shield, Centene Corporation, and Express Scripts. It is home to eight Fortune 500 companies. Louis has a diverse economy with strengths in the service, manufacturing, trade, transportation, and tourism industries. In 1904, it hosted the Louisiana Purchase Exposition (also known as the World's Fair) and the Summer Olympics.Ī global city with a metropolitan GDP of more than $160 billion in 2017, metropolitan St. Louis County in 1877, becoming an independent city and limiting its political boundaries. Louis developed as a major port on the Mississippi River from 1870 until the 1920 census, it was the fourth-largest city in the country. The city was the point of embarkation for the Corps of Discovery on the United States' sponsored Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore the Louisiana Purchase. Three years later, Napoleon gave up on North America and sold the territory to the United States as part of the Louisiana Purchase. ![]() In 1800, Spain retroceded Louisiana to France. It ceded its nominal claim to areas west of the river to Spain. In 1764, France was defeated in the Seven Years' War and was forced to cede its territory east of the Mississippi to Great Britain. They named it for king Louis IX of France, and it quickly became the regional center of the French Illinois Country. Maxent, Pierre Laclède and Auguste Chouteau, all from New Orleans. Louis was founded on February 14, 1764, by French fur traders Gilbert Antoine de St. From roughly 900 to 1500 CE, it was a regional center of Mississippian culture, based in Cahokia east of the river, and extending across the continent along the Mississippi and its tributaries. It is the largest metropolitan area in Missouri and the second largest in Illinois.īefore European settlement, the area had been occupied for thousands of years by various Native American cultures. In 2020, the city proper had a population of 301,578, while its bi-state metropolitan area, which extends into Illinois, had an estimated population of over 2.8 million. It is located near the confluence of the Mississippi and the Missouri rivers. Louis ( / s eɪ n t ˈ l uː ɪ s, s ən t ˈ l uː ɪ s/) is the second-largest city in Missouri, United States. ![]()
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